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African-American History Month (A-I)

African-American History Month (A-I)

  • Abolishment of the Slave-Trade: After trying for nearly twenty years, William Wilberforce and his colleagues finally persuaded the British Parliament to outlaw the legal practice of African slave-trading on the 23rd of February, 1807.

  • Abolition - Poetry: Abolitionists in Britain asked the hymn writer and poet, William Cowper, to write anti-slave ballads. One - The Negro's Complaint - is particularly poignant.

  • Abolitionists: Former slaves work to free others

  • Africa, Before European Slave-Traders: What were trading relationships like between Europeans and Africans before slave-trading began? When did things change? Included in this chapter are video links to The Story of Africa, as told by Africans.

  • Amistad Incident: Were captured Africans free men, who could return to their country, or slaves, who could be sold?

  • Antwone Fisher: A child abandoned by his mother comes into his own in the U.S. Navy

  • Auctions of People: In America and the Caribbean, captured Africans were sold at auction as though they were horses, cattle or other types of property. See pictures from the U.S. Library of Congress documenting such events.

  • Benjamin Banneker: A former slave, whose Almanac for 1792 was called "an extraordinary effort of genius," wrote a letter to Thomas Jefferson, reminding the principal author of the American Declaration of Independence that "all men are created equal"

  • Carl Brashear: First African-American Master Navy Diver

  • Celia, a Slave: In 1850, the laws of Missouri, protecting individuals, did not protect slaves

  • "Color Line": Discrimination in Major League Baseball: As the nineteenth century drew to a close, African-Americans were forced to play segregated baseball. An "unwritten color line" had developed, causing great hardships for African-American players. Jackie Robinson broke that "color line" on April 15, 1947. What caused it to occur in the first place?

  • Diary of a Slave Trader: What was life like aboard a slave-trading vessel? How did a slaver view his cargo? See excerpts from the journal of John Newton, a slaver-turned abolitionist.

  • Dorie Miller - A Hero Under Fire: Dorie Miller's normal job, on his U.S. Navy ship, was in the galley. But he did not give normal responsibilities a second thought on the morning of December 7, 1941. Demonstrating valor "above and beyond the call of duty," Miller received a Navy Cross for his "extraordinary courage and disregard for his own personal safety."

  • Emancipation Proclamation: Lincoln declares that "slavery is wrong" and issues an Emancipation Proclamation - the original document, with Lincoln's signature - is linked in this story

  • Enforcing Slave-Trade Abolition: After Parliament outlawed the slave trade, in 1807, stiff fines were imposed on violators. To avoid those penalties, illegally operating slavers threw their human cargo overboard. See the diary of Henry Binstead who witnessed some of the atrocities.

  • Frederick Douglass - From Slave to Leader: Given a "slave name" at birth, Frederick Douglass learned to read and write. He believed that education was "the pathway from slavery to freedom." How was this American slave able to escape? How did he become a highly respected leader?